Corals are extraordinary marine organisms that form vibrant underwater ecosystems known as coral reefs. Though they may appear like plants or rocks, corals are actually colonies of tiny animals called polyps. These polyps secrete calcium carbonate, building the intricate skeletons that make up coral reefs over thousands of years.
Corals thrive in warm, clear, shallow waters, where they share a symbiotic relationship with microscopic algae called zooxanthellae. The algae provide corals with energy through photosynthesis, while corals offer the algae a safe home. This partnership allows coral reefs to flourish and support an incredible diversity of life.
Coral reefs are home to thousands of marine species, acting as vital nurseries for fish, crustaceans, and mollusks. Beyond their ecological importance, reefs protect coastlines by acting as natural barriers against erosion and storm surges. However, rising ocean temperatures, pollution, and overfishing threaten coral survival. Without immediate conservation efforts, these essential ecosystems could disappear, causing a ripple effect throughout the ocean.